What is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition that affects the nerves in your foot. It happens when the tibial nerve, which runs along the inside of your ankle, gets squeezed or compressed. As a result, you may feel pain, tingling, or numbness in your foot or ankle. This condition is similar to carpal tunnel syndrome in the wrist, but it affects the foot instead. Many people with tarsal tunnel syndrome notice foot nerve pain or ankle tingling, especially after standing or walking for a long time.

Common Symptoms

People with tarsal tunnel syndrome often notice symptoms that come and go. However, these symptoms can get worse over time if not treated. Common signs include:

Burning or tingling in the foot or ankle

Numbness along the bottom of the foot

Shooting pain that may spread to the toes or heel

Weakness in the foot muscles

Feeling like your foot is “falling asleep”

Sometimes, symptoms get worse at night or after physical activity. If you notice these signs, it is important to pay attention and seek help if needed.

Causes and Risk Factors

Several things can cause tarsal tunnel syndrome. Most often, it happens when something presses on the tibial nerve. For example, swelling from an injury or a growth like a cyst can cause pressure. Other causes and risk factors include:

Flat feet, which put extra strain on the nerve

Ankle sprains or injuries

Varicose veins near the ankle

Arthritis or diabetes, which can cause swelling

Repeating the same foot movements often

Because some people have a higher risk, knowing these causes can help you prevent problems before they start.

Diagnosis Methods

Doctors use several methods to diagnose tarsal tunnel syndrome. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they will examine your foot and ankle. They may press on the area to see if it causes pain or tingling. In addition, your doctor might order tests such as:

Nerve conduction studies to check how well your nerves work

Electromyography (EMG) to measure muscle activity

Imaging tests like MRI or ultrasound to look for swelling or growths

These tests help your doctor find the exact cause of your foot numbness or pain.

Treatment Options

Treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome depends on how severe your symptoms are. In many cases, simple steps can help. For example, resting your foot and using ice can reduce swelling. Other treatment options include:

Wearing supportive shoes or custom inserts

Taking anti-inflammatory medicines as advised by your doctor

Physical therapy to stretch and strengthen your foot

Using braces or splints to keep your foot in a good position

Receiving steroid injections to lower swelling

If these steps do not help, surgery may be needed to release pressure on the nerve. However, most people get better with non-surgical treatments.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

There are many ways you can protect your feet and lower your risk of tarsal tunnel syndrome. Try these tips:

Wear shoes that fit well and support your arches

Take breaks if you stand or walk for long periods

Stretch your feet and ankles daily

Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on your feet

Manage health conditions like diabetes and arthritis

By following these steps, you can help prevent foot nerve pain and keep your feet healthy.

When to See a Doctor

If you notice ongoing foot pain, tingling, or numbness, it is important to see a doctor. Early treatment can stop symptoms from getting worse. In addition, if you have trouble walking or your symptoms affect your daily life, do not wait to get help. Your doctor can suggest the best tarsal tunnel treatment for your needs.

For personalized advice on tarsal tunnel syndrome, consult an orthopedic specialist. Early care can help you stay active and pain-free.